The Natural minor scale, also known as simply the Minor scale, is commonly used in all styles of music. YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE... Jazz theory 38 Terms. In terms of the octave, it is best to look at scales and this sort of theory as independent of the octave the notes are played in. We call this the relative major, or from the major scale's perspective, the relative minor. Scale formula: 1, 2, b3, 4, 5, b6, b7. You may use these HTML tags and attributes:
. So, the Relative Minor Scale must only be in theory and you don’t use it as A Minor when playing a guitar??? There are three types of minor scales: natural, harmonic, and melodic. So how does this all come together? The natural minor scale can be thought of as a major scale with the 3rd 6th and 7th notes lowered by one half step. That is, if you flatten the 3rd, 6th and 7th degree of a major scale, you have the natural minor scale with the same root. For example, you can see the relationship between C major and A natural minor in the diagram: If you look at the notes of the natural minor in relation to the notes of a major scale with the same root, we have the notes: That is, if you flatten the 3rd, 6th and 7th degree of a major scale, you have the natural minor scale with the same root. To read how this is done, take a look at our article on forming chords from scales. This means that, in relation to the major scale, the 3rd and 7th notes are lowered by 1 half-step, and the 2nd and 6th notes are omitted entirely. The same situation works for the natural minor scales using flats. In it's acending form the only lowered note is the 3rd. The formula for the minor scale is whole, half, whole, whole, half, whole, whole. Just think of the harmonic minor being used for it's harmonic functions. W h W, W h W W. Which scale is an E flat major scale? That article takes you through using the major scale as an example, but you can apply the exact same procedure to form chords from the natural minor scale. In a recent article, “Beginner’s Guide to the Minor Scale,” I wrote about the natural minor scale, the theory behind the scale, reviewed the major/minor relationship, covered the minor scale formula and introduced 5 must-know patterns. What am I missing here, please? The only difference is the A minor scale starts on the sixth note of the C major scale. As it decends, it's a plain old natural minor scale; a lowered 3rd, 6th, and 7th. You can use a scale such as the natural minor to form a family of chords that often work well together in the same key. Thats right, the 5 patterns for each of the modes of the major scale will be the same notes, so once you’ve learned one it will be quicker to use them for another mode. The Melodic Minor scale, in traditional application, has a different formula … From A, we go up a half step to Bb. You can read about practicing scales in sequences in our article on guitar scale sequences. Many of the progressions in these styles will be based on the chords of the scale shown above and many popular songs will feature guitar solos over these chord progressions that are entirely built from this scale. Check out this comparison between the A natural minor and the C major scales below: These scales are actually the same! Its confusing me so muchhh. In our example above using the F major scale, this means we will be lowering the A (the 3rd) to Ab, the D … I’ve been thinking about adding a section to the site on understanding chord progressions for a while. Guitar theory)but I don’t know which scales to learn , I mean when you learn chords its the basic A,B,C,D,E,F,G chords and I thought same is the case with scales , but when I searched C major scale , I found completely different scales all claming to be c major ,and same is for the other G,D etc , help!!!! This does not acagree with the Natural, Melodic nor the Harmonic Minor Scales. You seem to have a fantastic understanding of the guitar and music theory. #1. However where on the staff you start these scales can be any of the C’s for C major or any of the A’s for A minor. Learn the natural minor scale for piano in every key. Images can be saved for free to find out how click here Read Me Each chord, scale and arpeggio can then be learnt in each of these 5 positions. 1 – b3 – 4 – 5 – b7. By Desi Serna . For example try playing the Autumn Leaves progression with the D7 replaced with F#dim7 to see the effect. and how i can know when i should play Dominant or minor 5th degree in Minor scale. Let’s dive right in. Called the natural minor scale to distinguish it from the various other types of minor scale. …that’s the A natural minor scale and it contains all the notes in the key of A minor. Also, most of the time when we refer to a ‘minor' scale we're generally referring to the natural minor. What I recommend is to take a look at the Guitar Scales section of my site and there you will see the six most common scales, each presented in their two most common positions. In terms of the starting point of the scale, you are right that according to the formula, if the starting C in C major was the C on the staff in FACE, then the starting A of the natural minor would be the A on the staff in FACE. The most common use of the harmonic minor scale presents itself in chord progressions in a minor key. This formula is the same sequence as the major scale formula, but it begins on a different note. Again, I think you addressed this above, but I want to make sure I understand. The A minor scale is called the relative minor scale of the C major scale. The formula for the natural minor scale is W, H, W, W, H, W, W (H means half which is 1 fret, W means whole so 2 frets). eparadi1. The formula for forming a natural (or pure) minor scale is W-H-W-W-H-W-W. “W” stands for whole step and “H” stands for half step. To guide you, here are the minor scales in every key: C = C - D - Eb - F - … We have highlighted the root notes (your starting note) for each of the keys in blue for the major scale, and red for the minor scale. I want a guitar on major and minor keys of A,B,C,D,E,F&G. To build a D natural minor scale, starting on D, we take a whole step to E. Next, we take a half step to F. From F, a whole step takes us to G. Another whole step takes us to A. The minor scale, however, contains a minor, or flattened 3rd degree that is 1 1/2 steps away from the root. You can see the chords formed from this scale when looking at the numbering (or degrees) of the notes of the scale, as well the example in the case of A natural minor in the diagram as follows: The natural minor scale is probably the most used scale in styles such as rock, pop and many other forms of popular music. I’d say the reason your seeing multiple different versions of each scale is that scales adopt different patterns depending on where they are played up the neck. Use the formula T – S – T – T – S – T – THarmonic minors: 1. are the same ascending and descending 2. Very interesting and informative nice one. A natural minor scale. Let’s do a quick recap of the three types of minor scales. #2. I think I understand the basics of forming the scale of a Major Key, Converting the Major into the Relevant Minor, and forming the scales of that Minor. Different chord progressions may use the natural minor or the harmonic minor to harmonise the 5th depending on what sound they want. A minor third is made up of 3 half steps and be identified by its sad sound. There is a natural minor scale using 1 flat, 2 flats, 3 flats, 4 flats, 5 flats, 6 flats and 7 flats. For the next pattern that also has the root on the 5th string, I would start the pattern with my 1st finger and then move my hand down a fret at the 4th and 3rd strings then back up for the 2nd and 1st strings. In the Natural minor scale the V (5) chord is a minor chord (Gmin7, G Bb D F, in the key of C). This is because the natural minor scale is based on the major scale. Hi! Thank you. Now that we have talked about both the natural minor and harmonic minor scales, lets take a minute to introduce the 3 rd minor scale in our repertoire: the melodic minor scale. Minor scales provide a change in scenery from their major counterparts, however they are related in more ways than you might think. Natural minors: 1. are the same ascending and descending 2. I will here only briefly describe the natural minor scale, since you can have all the details of this scale in the lesson “How to form a natural minor scale“.First of all: why is the natural minor scale named as such? The A natural minor scale is a third lower and has the same key signature as C Major. Other minor scales such as the dorian mode or the Phrygian mode are not really the relative minor of the major scale as they are not formed from the 6th degree of the major scale. A tone = a whole Step or two keys on the piano. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. These are the scales that we’ll cover: 1. The CAGED system breaks the neck into 5 different positions. When harmonising in a minor key, it is often the case that the all the degrees of the scale are harmonised with the natural minor except the 5th degree which can be harmonised with the harmonic minor scale, resulting in the dominant 7th you can see in autumn leaves. These positions for the natural minor scale (with the root note circled) are as follows: You can then progress to the remaining three positions as follows: When practicing these positions, in addition to practicing the scales ascending and descending, I also like to practice sequences of the scales as well. Also by limiting the amount of patterns learned I hope the student will start to develop their phrasing and start applying all sorts of nuance to their playing very early in the piece. The new Q&A section is a great place to ask questions or give answers to any music related questions. What's interesting about this scale is that it's different going up than it is coming down. Relative minor The natural minor scale is also known as the Aeolian mode or relative minor. You help will be much appreciated. Use the formula T – S – T – T – S – T1⁄2 – S 3. Minor Pentatonic Scale Formula. It is very informative and useful for an aspiring guitarist like me from India. I’m trying to learn scales now , (practiclly i can play slash ,Metallica…etc but dont know much Thus, if I were to make a normal C note in A Minor, it would be one octave above the first C Note in the C Major Scale. Learn how to play the C Natural Minor scale with the notes shown on the guitar. This combination of notes is called the minor scale. The C Major scale has a key signature of no sharps or flats. Let's take a look at the scale notes to get a clearer picture. It would be much helpful. The harmonic minor scale formula (with S representing semitones and T representing tones) is: T – S – T – T – S – T1⁄2 – S List of all Natural Minor Scales There are 12 natural minor scales. Where exactly on these scales you move your hand position can vary depending on the phrase your playing, but these suggestions should be good for learning the scale ascending and descending. So the formula has only constructed our sequence of letters, but say the starting A of the natural minor could be the A on the staff in FACE, or the A above the staff or the A below the staff (or even several octaves above or below this). Also known as the Aeolian mode. In say classical however, the harmonic minor scale is the main minor scale used in constructing harmony, resulting in a different set of chords in the key and therefore different common minor chord progressions. The C Natural Minor scale starts on C and follows the formula I, II, iii, IV, V, iv, vii. Firstly, rather than “Relevant” minor it’s “Relative” minor. So, would you help my understanding as to relationships of music scales to octaves. Also, most of the time when we refer to a ‘minor' scale we're generally referring to the natural minor. Understanding this concept will save you loads of time when learning scales since once you know the major scales in all keys you'll also know all the natural minor scales. Let’s take a look at which notes would make up this blues scale if we were to begin on A. SUPER IMPORTANT QUESTION! Or perhaps it is the lack of sleep. The scale can be formed by using the same notes as a major scale, but starting and ending the scale on the 6th degree of the major scale, and considering this 6th degree as the root. Here's the one for the natural minor scale: And here's what the C natural minor scale looks like: If you're looking at the formula for the natural minor scale above and thinking to yourself “I've seen this before” then you're on to something! Additionally, keep in mind that scales are often played over several octaves, which would result in more common tones. can i ask why? To learn how it's implemented check out the chords section. The minor scale formula goes like this: Minor 3rd (3 half steps) whole step, half step, half step, minor 3rd, whole step. If we examine the distance between each note, we discover a pattern for building all of the natural minor scales: T-ST-T-T-ST-T-T. A tone = a whole Step or two keys on the piano. natural minor scales. For example, a major triad is 1-3-5. First Thank you for your post. Harmonic Minor Formula When building scales, we can use a formula of semitones and tones (half and whole steps) and each type of scale has a different formula. Now, in this case the C harmonic minor scale, the B natural acts as a leading tone up to the C and emphasises it as a final note. now, when i played Autumn Leaves in Gm, they play 5th degree D7 and not Dm7. A major scale is 1-2-3-4-5-6-7. Because of this relationship relative minor scales share the same key signature as their major counterparts and vice versa. The natural minor scale just so happens to share the same notes as the major scale three semitones (half steps) above. Now when I was speaking of octaves I was referring to the Major verses the Minor Scales in their relation to the middle C on sheet music. The melodic minor scale, as it's name implies, is used mainly in melodic lines. By altering these notes we also change the intervals which make up the scale. How the Natural Minor Scale is ALSO Derived from the Minor Pentatonic Scale Thanks, for the information about the chords and scales.Would you please tell me how to find the correct chords in any type of song.Please help me with this,I would really be grateful to you. For a visual helper check out the circle of fifths. The natural minor scale, also known as the Aeolian mode is one of the most used guitar scales in rock and popular music. Also, you'll notice scale has an exotic sound, particularly between the Ab and B. This post is a companion to that “Beginner’s Guide...” piece. Sir, I will be proud of you if you send the “Name of some books with author and publication name for lerning Spanish Guitar”, in my email adaksanjoy06786@gmail.com……………….please……please…….please… help me. Also, pay special attention to the section at the bottom: “Update: Reading the neck diagrams” and I believe this should communicate this concept pretty well. The difference lies in the 3rd degree of the scale. A natural minor scale (or Aeolian mode) is a diatonic scale that is built by starting on the sixth degree of its relative major scale. Is the Relevant Minor of a Major always the same as the “Natural” Minor? That is, the 3rd of the major scale is 2 whole steps away from the root. When I present 2 positions for the other scales, I am presenting what I believe would be the 2 most commonly used of the 5 CAGED positions. ANYWAY: If I’ve learnt how to play the 7 mode shapes corresponding to the major scale and linked them together across the fretboard, then I can play, say the Aeolian pattern and extend it up and down the fret board yes? We have designed these pages so they will print out clearly, so you can take this reference guide with you everywhere you go. But beyond that, there’s need to learn how to transpose the natural minor scale … From Eb, a whole step takes us to F. Another whole step takes us to G. From G, we go up a half step to Ab. The scale formula for the natural minor scale is 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7. The formula your looking at is not a set way to construct the relative minor of a major scale. I see that in natural minor scale, 5th degree is must to be minor 7th. The Chords Formed from the Natural Minor Scale. When playing with them, because the different modes have a different note as the tonic or root note, even though they are the same pattern you do view them a bit differently and will need to practice them in the context of that mode a bit, but it will come together a lot quicker than the first time you learn them. On the guitar a scale or chord formula is its pattern of steps and intervals. Correct or am I missing something here??? By altering these notes we also change the intervals which make up the scale. I still don’t understand how you use the same “formula” and get two different results. Hence my question is, given the above information, what is the point of learning ANOTHER 5 separate shapes for the Aeolian/Minor? Notice that when you play the full scale, on the way up it feels like it is pulling towards the top C, in this case. It’s the starting point on sheet music I’m trying to locate? Simply follow the chart which represents your guitar neck. The relative minor is not always the same as the natural minor. The A Minor Scale include exactly the same notes as the C Major Scale which makes them relative keys (read more about this further down the page). Hello. By teaching 6 scales in 2 positions, it is my hope that students will be able to get a basic mastery of this material so they would be able to solo in say 80% of a blues, rock and pop context with minimal material being needed for this. Great observation about the 5th of Autumn Leaves. It's also true to say that the C major scale is the relative major of A minor; it can go both ways. Probably the most helpful thing you can do is mention it on a forum, share or like it on your favourite social media platform or if you're a blogger, mention it in a blog post. The backing track “Stay Away from the Voodoo” on our “Aeolian Mode Backing Tracks” page is an example of harmonising with the Bm7 from the natural minor, while, as you mention Autumn Leaves uses the Dominant 7th from the harmonic minor, as well as songs such as “I Will Survive” and indeed most dominant chords in jazz ii V7 i progressions in minor keys. ... – Play the natural minor scale ascending starting on the 1st fret and then play it descending starting on the 2nd fret, ascending on the 3rd fret, descending on the 4th fret, etc. What is the formula for constructing a major scale? Here, we’re gonna compare different minor scales and the diatonic chords that they create. The 5 positions presented for the natural minor scale above are the 5 CAGED positions. Playing the easiest natural minor scale on the keyboard is good. Where am I going wrong here as I understand you can have more than one octave in a Major or Minor Scale??? Natural minor In order to create a natural minor scale, we simply start with the major scale and lower the 3rd, 6th, and 7th scale degrees by a half-step. For the purpose of rock and pop, the vast majority of songs use the natural minor above out of theses three minor scales to construct their chords, chord progressions and solos/melodies, …. It shares its notes with its relative major scale, so all the patterns are the same, only the root has moved. When the 7th is harmonised in this way, it is acting as a dominant and can be a substitution for the V7. The natural minor scale can be thought of as a major scale with the 3rd 6th and 7th notes lowered by one half step. | D7 F#dim7 | ). Thanks for your dedication for this wonderful website. Natural Minor Scale Formula The Natural Minor Scale is easy to remember because it is the relative minor scale to the major scale a third higher. Also, these suggestions are if you are starting at the bottom note in the pattern, but you will often want to practice the scales starting at the root as well. Check it out. The Formula Of The Natural Minor Scale. Download PDF However, it would seem that they do not ALL share the same octave. If I use the Major C Scale to compute the Relative Minor of A, and then use the Major Scale and starting with A and using the WHWWHWWH, I get A, B, C, D, E, F, G, A as the Relative Minor Scale which you show in one place as the Natural A Minor Scale. In the CAGED system, which is probably the most common method of presenting guitar scales, each scale can be played in one of 5 positions. The natural minor scale that uses all 7 sharps is A# natural minor. To build a C natural minor scale, starting on C, we take a whole step to D. Next, we take a half step to Eb. OR are they basically derivatives of the mode shapes themselves? All of these scales starting on different A’s are still the A natural minor scale and as such a scale is independent of the octave it is played in. You probably addressed this above, but it is above my present understanding. Depending on where you start some of the notes may be octave(s) higher or lower than in your c major scale, but for this purpose they are still really considered the same notes of the scale. The formula for forming a natural (or pure) minor scale is W-H-W-W-H-W-W. “W” stands for whole step and “H” stands for half step. I am a beginner in guitar and music theory. For the position where you have root under the first finger on the 4th string, the pattern would also start on the first finger as well. Apart from the 6th and 5th String Positions starting with the 1st Finger on the Root, please explain me as to start with Which Finger in the rest of the 3 Positions. I wanted to ask about minor scale… What’s the difference between CAGED system and the system that you teach here? The major scale contains a major 3rd. W W h, W W W h. What is the formula for constructing a natural minor scale? Additionally, as metal has a definite “neo-classical” influence, you can often see say the harmonic minor scale there. It would seem that the A, B, C, etc would be the A in FACE and B in boy and C in FACE, etc?? A B C D E F … The harmonic minor scale is just like the natural minor only without the lowered 7th. The minor scale is created with a formula, just like the major scale. Check out the list of scales shown below. So A minor is the relative minor of C major. The combination of tones and semitones that form the scale are as follows: Natural Minor Scale = Tone – Semitone – Tone – Tone – Semitone – Tone – Tone, Guitar Positions for the Natural Minor Scale. Here are a couple questions that I need clarifications about. So the formula in semitones = 2 1 2 2 1 2 2. The lesson could not be displayed because JavaScript is disabled. backing tracks designed for the aeolian mode. In the harmonic or melodic minor scale there are one or two notes altered from the natural minor, and therefore they don’t share the same notes as the major scale and as such the above formula is not relevant to them, even though they are still relative minors. Thankyou. I think your incorrectly extending the above formula and assuming this applies to all relative minor scales, but it is only for the “modal” natural minor scale. Minor scales provide a darker, and often more complex sound than major scales. I am a big fan of viewing the neck in terms of the CAGED system and believe that as you start to get a good mastery of what I have presented you should go on to continue to learn all 5 positions for these scales and also other scales, chords and arpeggios in all 5 CAGED positions. For example, C major is the notes C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C and then according to our formula, the natural minor scale is the notes A, B, C, D, E, F, G, A. For example: the notes of the A natural minor scale are exactly the same as the notes of the C major scale, the A natural minor scale only starts on the A instea… This page shows all the Natural Minor scales in every key in tab form and notation. Like the major scale, the minor scale can be constructed from scratch by applying the following formula, WHWWHWW (W = Whole tone and H = Half/Semi-tone). The relative minor is a minor key and the scales of this key could be the natural minor scale, the harmonic minor scale or the melodic minor scale. Just remember: the relative minor scale is built from the major scale's sixth degree. The use of the dominant 7th gives the chord a greater feeling of wanting to resolve to the i chord. 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